1. Izinto zokubopha
(1)Ukushiswa kwensimbi yekhabhoni kanye nensimbi e-alloy ephansi kuhlanganisa ukushiswa okuthambile kanye nokushiswa okuqinile. I-solder esetshenziswa kabanzi ekushisweni okuthambile yi-tin lead solder. Ukumanzisa kwale solder kuya ensimbini kuyanda ngokwanda kokuqukethwe kwe-tin, ngakho-ke i-solder enokuqukethwe kwe-tin okuphezulu kufanele isetshenziselwe ukuvala amalunga. Ingqimba ye-Fesn2 intermetallic compound ingakhiwa endaweni ehlangana ne-tin nensimbi ku-tin lead solder. Ukuze kugwenywe ukwakheka kwe-compound kulolu ngqimba, izinga lokushisa lokushiswa kanye nesikhathi sokubamba kufanele kulawulwe kahle. Amandla okushefa amalunga ensimbi yekhabhoni ashiswe ngama-solder amaningana ajwayelekile e-tin lead aboniswe kuThebula 1. Phakathi kwawo, amandla ahlangene ashiswe ngama-50% w (SN) aphezulu kakhulu, futhi amandla ahlangene ashiswe nge-antimony free solder aphezulu kunalawo ane-antimony.
Ithebula 1 amandla okusika amalunga ensimbi yekhabhoni ahlanganiswe nge-tin lead solder
Uma kushiswa insimbi yekhabhoni kanye nensimbi e-alloy ephansi, kusetshenziswa kakhulu ithusi elimsulwa, ithusi le-zinc kanye nesiliva lethusi le-zinc brazing filler metals. Ithusi elimsulwa linephuzu lokuncibilika eliphezulu futhi kulula ukulifaka insimbi eyisisekelo ngesikhathi sokushiswa. Lisetshenziswa kakhulu ekushisweni okuvikelwe yigesi kanye nokushiswa kwe-vacuum. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi igebe phakathi kwamalunga ashisiwe kufanele libe ngaphansi kuka-0.05mm ukuze kugwenywe inkinga yokuthi igebe lamalunga alikwazi ukugcwaliswa ngenxa yokugeleza okuhle kwethusi. Amalunga ensimbi yekhabhoni kanye nensimbi e-alloy ephansi ashiswe ngethusi elimsulwa anamandla aphezulu. Ngokuvamile, amandla okushefa angama-150 ~ 215mpa, kuyilapho amandla okuthamba esatshalaliswa phakathi kuka-170 ~ 340mpa.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nethusi elimsulwa, iphuzu lokuncibilika kwe-copper zinc solder liyancipha ngenxa yokwengezwa kwe-Zn. Ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuhwamuka kwe-Zn ngesikhathi sokushiswa, ngakolunye uhlangothi, inani elincane le-Si lingangezwa ku-copper zinc solder; Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izindlela zokushisa okusheshayo kumele zisetshenziswe, njengokushiswa kwelangabi, ukushiswa kokufakwa kanye nokushiswa kwe-dip. Amalunga ensimbi yekhabhoni kanye nensimbi e-alloy ephansi eshisiwe ngensimbi yokushiswa kwe-copper zinc anamandla amahle kanye ne-plasticity. Isibonelo, amandla okuthamba kanye namandla okushefa amalunga ensimbi yekhabhoni ashisiwe nge-b-cu62zn solder afinyelela ku-420MPa kanye no-290mpa. Indawo yokuncibilika kwe-silver copper station solder iphansi kuneye-copper zinc solder, elula ukushiswa ngenaliti. Le nsimbi yokushiswa ifanelekela ukushiswa komlilo, ukushiswa kokufakwa kanye nokushiswa kwesithando sensimbi yekhabhoni kanye nensimbi e-alloy ephansi, kodwa okuqukethwe kwe-Zn kufanele kuncishiswe ngangokunokwenzeka ngesikhathi sokushiswa kwesithando, futhi izinga lokushisa kufanele landiswe. Ukushiswa kwensimbi yekhabhoni kanye nensimbi e-alloy ephansi enensimbi yokushiswa kwe-copper zinc kungathola amalunga anamandla amahle kanye ne-plasticity. Idatha ethile ibhalwe kuThebula 2.
Ithebula 2 amandla ezihlanganisi zensimbi ephansi yekhabhoni eziboshwe nge-silver copper zinc solder
(2) I-Flux: igesi yokushintshashintsha noma yokuvikela kufanele isetshenziselwe insimbi yekhabhoni yokubilisa kanye nensimbi ephansi ye-alloy. I-flux ivame ukunqunywa ngendlela ekhethiwe yensimbi yokugcwalisa kanye ne-brazing. Uma kusetshenziswa i-tin lead solder, uketshezi oluxubile lwe-zinc chloride kanye ne-ammonium chloride lungasetshenziswa njenge-flux noma olunye uhlobo lwe-flux olukhethekile. Insalela yalolu ketshezi ngokuvamile igqwala kakhulu, futhi ijoyinti kufanele lihlanzwe ngokuqinile ngemva kwe-brazing.
Uma ufaka i-brazing ngensimbi yokugcwalisa i-zinc yethusi, i-fb301 noma i-fb302 flux kufanele ikhethwe, okungukuthi, i-borax noma ingxube ye-borax ne-boric acid; Ekufakeni i-flame brazing, ingxube ye-methyl borate ne-formic acid ingasetshenziswa futhi njenge-brazing flux, lapho umphunga we-B2O3 udlala indima yokususwa kwefilimu.
Uma kusetshenziswa insimbi yesiliva ye-zinc brazing filler, ama-fb102, fb103 kanye ne-fb104 brazing fluxes angakhethwa, okungukuthi, ingxube ye-borax, i-boric acid kanye nama-fluoride athile. Izinsalela zalolu flux ziyagqwala ngezinga elithile futhi kufanele zisuswe ngemva kokusebenzisa i-brazing.
2. Ubuchwepheshe be-brazing
Indawo ezoshintshwa kufanele ihlanzwe ngezindlela zemishini noma zamakhemikhali ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ifilimu ye-oxide kanye nezinto eziphilayo zisusiwe ngokuphelele. Indawo ehlanziwe akufanele ibe lukhuni kakhulu futhi akufanele inamathele ezicutshini zensimbi noma kwenye inhlabathi.
Insimbi yekhabhoni kanye nensimbi e-alloy ephansi kungashintshwa ngezindlela ezahlukene ezivamile zokushintshwa. Ngesikhathi sokushintshwa komlilo, ilangabi elingathathi hlangothi noma elinciphisa kancane kufanele lisetshenziswe. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza, ukushiswa okuqondile kwensimbi yokushiswa kanye nokushintshwa komlilo kufanele kugwenywe ngangokunokwenzeka. Izindlela zokushisa ezisheshayo ezifana nokushintshwa komlilo kanye nokushintshwa komlilo zifaneleka kakhulu ekushisweni kwensimbi ecinyiwe neqinisiwe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukucima noma ukushintshwa komlilo ezingeni lokushisa eliphansi kunelokushisa kufanele kukhethwe ukuvimbela ukuthamba kwensimbi eyisisekelo. Lapho kushintshwa insimbi enamandla aphezulu e-alloy ephansi endaweni evikelayo, akudingeki ubumsulwa obukhulu begesi kuphela, kodwa futhi nokushintshwa kwegesi kumele kusetshenziswe ukuqinisekisa ukumanzisa nokusabalala kwensimbi yokushiswa phezu kwensimbi eyisisekelo.
Uketshezi olusele lungasuswa ngezindlela zamakhemikhali noma zemishini. Insalela yoketshezi olusebenzisa i-organic brazing flux ingasulwa noma ihlanzwe ngophethiloli, utshwala, i-acetone nezinye izinyibilikisi eziphilayo; Izinsalela zoketshezi olusebenzisa i-corrosive flux olunamandla njenge-zinc chloride ne-ammonium chloride kufanele zisuswe kusisombululo samanzi se-NaOH kuqala, bese zihlanzwa ngamanzi ashisayo nabandayo; Izinsalela zoketshezi lwe-boric acid ne-boric acid flux kunzima ukuzisusa, futhi zingaxazululwa kuphela ngezindlela zemishini noma ukucwiliswa isikhathi eside emanzini akhuphukayo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Juni-13-2022