1. I-Solder
Zonke izinhlobo zama-solder anezinga lokushisa elingaphansi kuka-3000 ℃ zingasetshenziswa ekushiseni kwe-W, kanti ama-solder asekelwe ethusi noma esiliva angasetshenziswa ezingxenyeni ezinezinga lokushisa elingaphansi kuka-400 ℃; Izinsimbi zokugcwalisa ezisekelwe egolide, ezisekelwe kuma-manganese, ezisekelwe kuma-manganese, ezisekelwe kuma-palladium noma ezisekelwe ekubholeni zivame ukusetshenziselwa izingxenye ezisetshenziswa phakathi kuka-400 ℃ no-900 ℃; Ezingxenyeni ezisetshenziswa ngaphezu kuka-1000 ℃, izinsimbi ezimsulwa ezifana ne-Nb, Ta, Ni, Pt, PD kanye ne-Mo zisetshenziswa kakhulu. Izinga lokushisa lokusebenza lezingxenye ezishiseniwe nge-platinum base solder lifinyelele ku-2150 ℃. Uma ukwelashwa kokusabalalisa okungu-1080 ℃ kwenziwa ngemva kokushiseni, izinga lokushisa lokusebenza eliphakeme lingafinyelela ku-3038 ℃.
Iningi lama-solder asetshenziselwa i-brazing w angasetshenziswa i-brazing Mo, kanti ama-solder asekelwe ethusi noma esiliva angasetshenziswa izingxenye ze-Mo ezisebenza ngaphansi kuka-400 ℃; Kumadivayisi kagesi nezingxenye ezingezona ezakhi ezisebenza ku-400 ~ 650 ℃, kungasetshenziswa ama-solder e-Cu Ag, Au Ni, PD Ni noma e-Cu Ni; izinsimbi ze-filler zensimbi ezisekelwe ku-Titanium noma ezinye izinsimbi ze-filler zensimbi ezihlanzekile ezinamaphoyinti aphezulu okuncibilika zingasetshenziswa izingxenye ezisebenza emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi izinsimbi ze-filler ezisekelwe ku-manganese, i-cobalt kanye ne-nickel ngokuvamile azinconywa ukugwema ukwakheka kwama-compounds aqhekekile e-intermetallic emajoyintini e-brazing.
Uma kusetshenziswa izingxenye ze-TA noma ze-Nb ezingaphansi kuka-1000 ℃, imijovo esekelwe ku-copper, i-manganese, i-cobalt, i-titanium, i-nickel, i-gold kanye ne-palladium ingakhethwa, kufaka phakathi i-Cu Au, Au Ni, PD Ni kanye ne-Pt Au_ Ni kanye ne-Cu Sn solders inokumanzika okuhle ku-TA kanye ne-Nb, ukwakheka okuhle komthungo we-brazing kanye namandla aphezulu okuhlangana. Njengoba izinsimbi zokugcwalisa ezisekelwe esiliva zivame ukwenza izinsimbi zokugcwalisa zibe buthaka, kufanele zigwenywe ngangokunokwenzeka. Ezingxenyeni ezisetshenziswa phakathi kuka-1000 ℃ no-1300 ℃, izinsimbi ezihlanzekile i-Ti, V, Zr noma ama-alloy asekelwe kulezi zinsimbi ezakha ukuqina okungenamkhawulo kanye noketshezi nazo kufanele zikhethwe njengezinsimbi zokugcwalisa ze-brazing. Uma izinga lokushisa lesevisi liphakeme, insimbi yokugcwalisa equkethe i-HF ingakhethwa.
W. Bheka ithebula 13 lezinsimbi zokugcwalisa ze-brazing ze-Mo, i-Ta ne-Nb ekushiseni okuphezulu.
Ithebula 13 izinsimbi zokugcwalisa izinsimbi zokufaka izinsimbi ezimelana nokushisa okuphezulu
2. Ubuchwepheshe be-brazing
Ngaphambi kokubhidliza, kuyadingeka ukususa ngokucophelela i-oxide ebusweni bensimbi ephikisayo. Kungasetshenziswa ukugaya ngomshini, ukubhidliza ngesihlabathi, ukuhlanza nge-ultrasonic noma ukuhlanza ngamakhemikhali. Ukubhidliza kufanele kwenziwe ngokushesha ngemva kwenqubo yokuhlanza.
Ngenxa yobuthakathaka obungokwemvelo be-W, izingxenye ze-w kumele ziphathwe ngokucophelela ekusebenzeni kokuhlanganiswa kwezingxenye ukuze kugwenywe ukuphuka. Ukuze kuvinjelwe ukwakheka kwe-tungsten carbide ephukile, kufanele kugwenywe ukuxhumana okuqondile phakathi kwe-W ne-graphite. Ukucindezela okubangelwa ukucutshungulwa kokushisela noma ukushisela ngaphambi kokushisela kufanele kuqedwe ngaphambi kokushisela. I-W kulula kakhulu ukuyixuba lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphuka. Izinga le-vacuum kufanele libe phezulu ngokwanele ngesikhathi sokushisela. Lapho ukushisela kwenziwa ngaphakathi kobubanzi bokushisa obungu-1000 ~ 1400 ℃, izinga le-vacuum akufanele libe ngaphansi kuka-8 × 10-3Pa. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinga lokushisa lokuncibilikisa kanye nezinga lokushisa lenkonzo yejoyinti, inqubo yokushisela ingahlanganiswa nokwelashwa kokusabalala ngemva kokushisela. Isibonelo, i-b-ni68cr20si10fel solder isetshenziselwa ukushisela i-W ku-1180 ℃. Ngemva kokwelashwa okuthathu kokusabalala okungu-1070 ℃ /4h, 1200 ℃ /3.5h kanye no-1300 ℃ /2h ngemva kokushisela, izinga lokushisa lenkonzo yejoyinti elihlanganisiwe lingafinyelela ngaphezu kuka-2200 ℃.
I-coefficient encane yokwanda kokushisa kufanele icatshangelwe lapho kuhlanganiswa i-brazed joint ye-Mo, futhi igebe le-joint kufanele libe phakathi kuka-0.05 ~ 0.13MM. Uma kusetshenziswa i-fixture, khetha into ene-coefficient encane yokwanda kokushisa. I-Mo recrystallization yenzeka lapho i-flame brazing, i-controlled atmosphere furnace, i-induction furnace kanye nokushisa kokumelana kudlula izinga lokushisa le-recrystallization noma izinga lokushisa le-recrystallization lehla ngenxa yokusabalala kwezinto ze-solder. Ngakho-ke, lapho izinga lokushisa le-brazing liseduze nezinga lokushisa le-recrystallization, lapho isikhathi se-brazing sifushane, kungcono. Lapho i-brazing ingaphezu kwe-recrystallization lokushisa le-Mo, isikhathi se-brazing kanye nezinga lokupholisa kumele kulawulwe ukuze kugwenywe ukuqhekeka okubangelwa ukupholisa okusheshayo kakhulu. Lapho kusetshenziswa i-oxyacetylene flame brazing, kungcono ukusebenzisa i-mixed flux, okungukuthi, i-industrial borate noma i-silver brazing flux kanye ne-high-temperature flux equkethe i-calcium fluoride, engathola isivikelo esihle. Indlela iwukuqala ukugqoka ungqimba lwe-silver brazing flux ebusweni be-Mo, bese ugqoka i-high-temperature flux. Uketshezi lwesiliva olusebenzisa i-brazing lunomsebenzi osezingeni eliphansi lokushisa, futhi izinga lokushisa elisebenzayo loketshezi olusebenzisa i-flux ephezulu lokushisa lingafinyelela ku-1427 ℃.
Izingxenye ze-TA noma ze-Nb kungcono zifakwe ngaphansi kwe-vacuum, futhi izinga le-vacuum alikho ngaphansi kuka-1.33 × 10-2Pa. Uma ukufakwa kwe-brazing kwenziwa ngaphansi kokuvikelwa kwegesi engasebenzi, ukungcola kwegesi okufana ne-carbon monoxide, i-ammonia, i-nitrogen kanye ne-carbon dioxide kumele kususwe ngokuqinile. Lapho ukufakwa kwe-brazing noma ukumelana kwenziwa emoyeni, insimbi ekhethekile yokugcwalisa i-brazing kanye ne-flux efanele kufanele isetshenziswe. Ukuze kuvinjelwe i-TA noma i-Nb ukuthi ingaxhumani nomoya-mpilo ekushiseni okuphezulu, ungqimba lwethusi noma i-nickel yensimbi lungabekwa phezu kobuso futhi kungenziwa ukwelashwa okuhambisanayo kokusabalalisa.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Juni-13-2022