Kuthiwani ngomphumela wokushisela wesithando sokushisa se-vacuum

Kuthiwani ngomphumela wokushisela wesithando sokushisa se-vacuum

Indlela yokushisisa esithandweni somoya iyindlela entsha yokushisisa ngaphandle kokushisisa ngaphansi kwezimo ze-vacuum. Ngenxa yokuthi ukushisisa kusesimeni se-vacuum, umphumela olimazayo womoya endaweni yokusebenza ungasuswa ngempumelelo, ngakho ukushisisa kungenziwa ngempumelelo ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ukushisisa. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ezinsimbini zokushisisa kanye nezinsimbi okunzima ukuzishisisa, njengezinsimbi ze-aluminium, izinsimbi ze-titanium, izinsimbi zokushisa okuphezulu, izinsimbi eziphikisayo kanye ne-ceramics. Ijoyinti elishisisayo likhanya futhi lincane, linezakhiwo ezinhle zomshini kanye nokumelana nokugqwala. Imishini yokushisisa ye-vacuum ngokuvamile ayisetshenziselwa ukushisisa ngenaliti insimbi yekhabhoni kanye nensimbi ephansi ye-alloy.

Imishini yokubopha esithandweni somoya yakhiwe kakhulu isithando somoya somoya kanye nohlelo lokupholisa. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezithando zomlilo zomoya: Isithando somlilo esishisayo kanye nesithando somlilo esibandayo. Izinhlobo ezimbili zezithando zingashiswa ngegesi yemvelo noma ngokushisa kukagesi, futhi zingaklanywa zibe isithando somlilo esifakwe eceleni, isithando somlilo esifakwe phansi noma isakhiwo sesithando somoya esifakwe phezulu (uhlobo lwe-Kang). Uhlelo lokupholisa lungasetshenziswa ngokujwayelekile.

Uhlelo lwe-vacuum luhlanganisa kakhulu iyunithi ye-vacuum, ipayipi le-vacuum, i-vacuum valve, njll. Iyunithi ye-vacuum ivame ukwakhiwa yipompo yemishini ye-rotary vane kanye nepompo yokusabalalisa uwoyela. Ipompo yemishini yodwa ingathola ngaphansi kwe-1.35 × Vacuum degree yezinga le-10-1pa. Ukuze kutholakale i-vacuum ephezulu, ipompo yokusabalalisa uwoyela kumele isetshenziswe ngesikhathi esifanayo. Ngalesi sikhathi, ingafinyelela ku-1.35 × Vacuum degree yezinga le-10-4Pa. Umfutho wegesi ohlelweni ulinganiswa nge-vacuum gauge.

Ukushiswa kwe-vacuum oven kuwukushiswa kwe-oven noma ekamelweni lokushiswa komoya okhishwe umoya. Kufanelekile kakhulu ukushiswa kwe-oven ezinkulu neziqhubekayo, futhi kufanelekile nokuxhuma ezinye izinsimbi ezikhethekile, okuhlanganisa i-titanium, i-zirconium, i-niobium, i-molybdenum kanye ne-tantalum. Kunezindlela eziningi zokusebenzisa. Kodwa-ke, ukushiswa kwe-vacuum oven kunezinkinga ezilandelayo:

① Insimbi kulula ukuyishintsha ibe yi-volatilize ngaphansi kwe-vacuum, ngakho-ke akufaneleki ukusebenzisa i-vacuum brazing yensimbi eyisisekelo kanye nensimbi yokugcwalisa yezinto ezishintshayo. Uma kudingeka ukuyisebenzisa, kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo zenqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi ezifanayo.

② I-vacuum brazing iyazwela ubulukhuni bendawo, ikhwalithi yokuhlanganiswa kanye nokubekezelela ukulingana kwezingxenye ezifakwe i-brazing, futhi idinga izinga eliphezulu lendawo yokusebenza kanye nabasebenzi.

③ Imishini yokuhlanza i-vacuum iyinkimbinkimbi, inezimali ezinkulu ezitshalwa kanye kanye kanye nezindleko eziphezulu zokulungisa.

Ngakho-ke, ungayiqalisa kanjani inqubo yokushisisa esithandweni somoya? Uma ukushisisa kwenziwa esithandweni somoya, ukushisisa okuzoshisisa kumele kulayishwe esithandweni somoya (noma esitsheni sokushisisa), umnyango wesithando kufanele uvalwe (noma isembozo sesitsha sokushisisa kufanele sivalwe), bese kushiswa ngaphambi kokushisa. Qala ipompo yomshini kuqala, phendula ivalvu yokuqondisa ngemva kokuba izinga lokushisisa lifinyelele ku-1.35pa, vala indlela eqondile phakathi kwepompo yomshini nesithando sokushisisa, yenza ipayipi elixhunywe nesithando sokushisisa lidlule empompini yokusabalalisa, thembela epomponi yomshini kanye nepompo yokusabalalisa ukuthi isebenze ngaphakathi kwesikhathi esinqunyiwe, faka isithando sokushisisa ezingeni lokushisisa elidingekayo, bese uqala amandla okushisa.

Phakathi nenqubo yonke yokwenyuka nokushisa kwezinga lokushisa, iyunithi ye-vacuum kufanele iqhubeke nokusebenza ukuze igcine izinga le-vacuum esithandweni, isuse ukuvuza komoya ezindaweni ezahlukene zesistimu ye-vacuum kanye nesithando somlilo, ukukhululwa kwegesi kanye nomusi ofakwe odongeni lwesithando, ukufakwa kanye nokushiselwa, ukuguquguquka kwensimbi ne-oxide, njll., ukuze kuncishiswe umoya wangempela. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-vacuum brazing: i-vacuum brazing ephezulu kanye ne-vacuum engaphelele (i-vacuum ephakathi nendawo). I-vacuum brazing ephezulu ifaneleka kakhulu ekushiseni insimbi eyisisekelo okunzima ukuyibolisa (njenge-nickel base superalloy). I-vacuum brazing engaphelele isetshenziselwa izimo lapho insimbi eyisisekelo noma insimbi yokugcwalisa ishintshashintsha ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa le-brazing kanye nezimo ze-vacuum eziphezulu.

Uma kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokuphepha ezikhethekile ukuqinisekisa ukuhlanzeka okuphezulu, indlela yokuhlanza i-vacuum kufanele isetshenziswe ngaphambi kokubilisa i-hydrogen eyomile. Ngokufanayo, ukusebenzisa indlela yokuhlanza i-hydrogen eyomile noma igesi engasebenzi kahle ngaphambi kokubilisa i-vacuum kuzosiza ukuthola imiphumela engcono ekubiliseni i-vacuum ephezulu.