1. I-brazing material
(1) Izinsimbi zamathuluzi okusansimbi nama-carbide anosimende ngokuvamile zisebenzisa ithusi elimsulwa, i-zinc yethusi kanye nezinsimbi zokugcwalisa i-copper brazing.I-Copper ehlanzekile inokumanzisa okuhle kuzo zonke izinhlobo zama-carbide kasimende, kodwa umphumela omuhle kakhulu ungatholwa ngokubrasa emkhathini onciphisa i-hydrogen.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngenxa yokushisa okuphezulu kwe-brazing, ukucindezeleka ekuhlanganyeleni kukhulu, okuholela ekwandeni kokuthambekela kokuqhekeka.Amandla e-shear we-joint brazed ngethusi elihlanzekile cishe i-150MPa, futhi i-plasticity ehlangene nayo iphakeme, kodwa ayifaneleki umsebenzi ophezulu wokushisa.
Insimbi yokugcwalisa i-zinc iyinsimbi yokugcwalisa evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu yezinsimbi zamathuluzi okubraza nama-carbides anosimende.Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumanzisa kwe-solder namandla okuhlangana, i-Mn, i-Ni, i-Fe nezinye izakhi ze-alloy zivame ukungezwa ku-solder.Isibonelo, i-w (MN) 4% yengezwe ku-b-cu58znmn ukwenza amandla okugunda amajoyinti e-carbide brazed afinyelele ku-300 ~ 320MPa ekamelweni lokushisa;Isengakwazi ukugcina i-220 ~ 240mpa ku-320 ℃.Ukwengeza inani elincane le-CO ngesisekelo se-b-cu58znmn kungenza amandla e-shear we-brazed joint afinyelele ku-350Mpa, futhi kunomthelela omkhulu wokuqina namandla okukhathala, kuthuthukisa kakhulu impilo yesevisi yamathuluzi okusika namathuluzi okubhola amatshe.
Indawo encibilikayo ephansi yensimbi yokugcwalisa i-copper brazing kanye nengcindezi encane yokushisa yejoyinti elibrazed kunenzuzo ukunciphisa ukuqhekeka kwe-carbide enosimende ngesikhathi sokubhula.Ukuze uthuthukise ukumanzisa kwe-solder futhi uthuthukise amandla nokushisa okusebenzayo kokuhlangene, i-Mn, i-Ni nezinye izakhi ze-alloy zivame ukungezwa ku-solder.Isibonelo, i-b-ag50cuzncdni solder inokumanzisa okuhle kakhulu ku-carbide enosimende, futhi i-brazed joint inezindawo ezinhle eziphelele.
Ngaphezu kwalezi zinhlobo ezintathu ezingenhla zezinsimbi zokugcwalisa i-brazing, i-Mn based kanye ne-Ni based brazing filler metals, njenge-b-mn50nicucrco kanye ne-b-ni75crsib, ingakhethelwa i-carbide enosimende esebenza ngaphezu kuka-500 ℃ futhi edinga amandla ahlangene aphezulu.Ukuze kufakwe insimbi enesivinini esiphezulu, insimbi ekhethekile yokugcwalisa i-brazing enezinga lokushisa eliqinile elihambisana nezinga lokushisa lokucisha kufanele likhethwe.Le nsimbi yokugcwalisa ihlukaniswe yaba izigaba ezimbili: enye insimbi yokugcwalisa uhlobo lwe-ferromanganese, eyakhiwe ikakhulukazi i-ferromanganese ne-borax.Amandla okugunda welunga eliqinile ngokuvamile angaba ngu-100MPa, kodwa ilunga livame ukuqhekeka;Olunye uhlobo lwe-alloy yethusi olukhethekile oluqukethe i-Ni, i-Fe, i-Mn ne-Si akulula ukukhiqiza imifantu emalungeni e-brazed, futhi amandla ayo okugunda anganyuswa abe ngu-300mpa.
(2) Ukukhethwa kwe-brazing flux kanye nokuvikela igesi yokubhoda kuzofanelana nesisekelo sensimbi kanye nensimbi yokugcwalisa okufanele ishiselwe.Lapho insimbi yamathuluzi ebrazing kanye ne-carbide enosimende, i-brazing flux esetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko i-borax ne-boric acid, futhi amanye ama-fluoride (KF, NaF, CaF2, njll.) ayangezwa.I-Fb301, fb302 kanye ne-fb105 fluxes isetshenziselwa i-copper zinc solder, futhi i-fb101 ~ fb104 fluxes isetshenziselwa i-solder yethusi yesiliva.I-Borax flux isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi lapho insimbi ekhethekile yokugcwalisa i-brazing isetshenziselwa ukubopha insimbi enesivinini esikhulu.
Ukuze uvimbele ukufakwa kwe-oxidation yensimbi yamathuluzi ngesikhathi sokushisisa i-brazing futhi ugweme ukuhlanzwa ngemva kokubhsa, i-brazing evikelwe ngegesi ingasetshenziswa.Igesi evikelayo ingaba igesi engenzi lutho noma igesi encishiswayo, futhi indawo yamazolo yegesi izoba ngaphansi kuka -40 ℃ i-carbide enosimende ingafakwa ngaphansi kokuvikelwa kwe-hydrogen, futhi indawo yamazolo ye-hydrogen edingekayo izoba ngaphansi kuka -59. ℃.
2. Ubuchwepheshe be-Brazing
Insimbi yethuluzi kufanele ihlanzwe ngaphambi kokubhuqa, futhi indawo esebenza ngomshini akufanele ibe bushelelezi kakhulu ukuze kube lula ukumanzisa nokusabalala kwezinto kanye nokuguquguquka kwe-brazing.Ingaphezulu le-carbide enosimende lizoqhunyiswa isihlabathi ngaphambi kokubraziswa, noma lipholishwe nge-silicon carbide noma isondo lokugaya idayimane ukuze kukhishwe ikhabhoni eningi ngaphezulu, ukuze kumanziswe insimbi yokugcwalisa ngokubrawuza ngesikhathi sokubhula.I-carbide enosimende equkethe i-titanium carbide kunzima ukumanzisa.I-Copper oxide noma i-nickel oxide paste isetshenziswa ebusweni bayo ngendlela entsha futhi ibhakwa emkhathini wokunciphisa ukwenza ithusi noma ukuguqulwa kwe-nickel phezulu, ukuze kwandiswe ukumanzisa kwe-solder eqinile.
I-brazing yensimbi yensimbi ye-carbon kufanele ngokungcono yenziwe ngaphambi noma ngesikhathi esifanayo nenqubo yokucisha.Uma i-brazing yenziwa ngaphambi kwenqubo yokucisha, izinga lokushisa eliqinile lensimbi yokugcwalisa esetshenzisiwe lizoba phezulu kunobubanzi bokushisa okucisha, ukuze i-weldment isenamandla anele ngokwanele lapho iphinde ishisa ukushisa ngaphandle kokwehluleka.Lapho i-brazing kanye nokucisha kuhlanganiswa, insimbi yokugcwalisa enezinga lokushisa eliqinile eliseduze nezinga lokushisa lokucisha lizokhethwa.
Insimbi yensimbi ye-alloy inezinhlobonhlobo zezingxenye.Insimbi efanelekile yokugcwalisa i-brazing, inqubo yokwelashwa kokushisa kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuhlanganisa inqubo yokushisa nokushisa kufanele kunqunywe ngokusho kohlobo oluthile lwensimbi, ukuze uthole ukusebenza okuhle okuhlangene.
Izinga lokushisa lokucisha lensimbi enesivinini esikhulu ngokuvamile liphakeme kunezinga lokushisa elincibilikayo lethusi lesiliva kanye ne-zinc solder yethusi, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukucisha ngaphambi kokubhula nokugqama ngesikhathi noma ngemva kokushisa kwesibili.Uma ukucisha kudingekile ngemva kokubhula, insimbi yokugcwalisa eshiwo ngenhla kuphela engasetshenziselwa ukubhula.Lapho ubhula amathuluzi okusika insimbi enesivinini esikhulu, kufanelekile ukusebenzisa isithando somlilo se-coke.Lapho insimbi yokugcwalisa i-brazing incibilika, khipha ithuluzi lokusika bese ulicindezela ngokushesha, ukhiphe insimbi yokugcwalisa okweqile, bese ukhipha uwoyela, bese uthulisa ku-550 ~ 570 ℃.
Lapho ubhula i-carbide blade enosimende ngebha yamathuluzi ensimbi, indlela yokwandisa igebe lokubhoboza nokusebenzisa i-gasket yesinxephezelo sepulasitiki endaweni yokubeka i-brazing kufanele yamukelwe, futhi ukupholisa kancane kufanele kwenziwe ngemuva kokushisela ukuze kuncishiswe ukucindezelwa kwe-brazing, ukuvimbela imifantu futhi andise impilo yesevisi yomhlangano wamathuluzi e-carbide enosimende.
Ngemuva kwe-fiber welding, insalela ye-flux ku-weldment kufanele igezwe ngamanzi ashisayo noma ingxube evamile yokususa i-slag, bese ifakwe emanzini ahlanzekile ngesisombululo esifanelekile sokususa ifilimu ye-oxide phezu kwenduku yethuluzi lesisekelo.Kodwa-ke, qaphela ukuthi ungasebenzisi isixazululo se-nitric acid ukuvimbela ukugqwala kwensimbi ehlangene ehlanganisayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-13-2022