Yini ebangela:
Ukucisha, okubuye kubizwe ngokuthi Ukuqina, ukushisa nokupholisa kwensimbi okulandelayo ngesivinini esingangokuthi kuba nokwanda okukhulu kokuqina, noma ngaphezulu noma yonke indawo.Endabeni yokuqiniswa kwe-vacuum, le nqubo yenziwa ezithandweni ze-vacuum lapho izinga lokushisa elifinyelela ku-1,300 ° C lingafinyelelwa.Izindlela zokucisha zizohluka ngokuphathelene nezinto ezilashwayo kodwa ukucisha igesi kusetshenziswa i-nitrogen kuvame kakhulu.
Ezimweni eziningi ukuqina kwenzeka ngokuhambisana nokushisisa kabusha okulandelayo, ukufudumala.Kuye ngezinto ezibonakalayo, ukuqina kuthuthukisa ubulukhuni nokumelana nokugqoka noma kulawula isilinganiso sokuqina kokuqina.
Yini Ejabulisayo:
I-Tempering iyinqubo yokwelapha ukushisa esetshenziswa ezinsimbi ezifana nensimbi noma ama-alloys asekelwe ku-iron ukuze kuzuzwe ukuqina okukhulu ngokunciphisa ubulukhuni, okuvame ukuhambisana nokwenyuka kokuqina.Ukushisa kuvame ukwenziwa ngemva kwenqubo yokuqina ngokushisisa insimbi ekushiseni okungaphansi kwephuzu elibalulekile isikhathi esithile, bese uyivumela ukuba iphole.Insimbi engagxiliwe ilukhuni kakhulu kodwa ivamise ukuba brittle kakhulu ezisetshenziswa eziningi.Izinsimbi ze-Carbon steel namathuluzi okusebenza abandayo zivame ukushiswa emazingeni okushisa aphansi, kuyilapho insimbi enesivinini esikhulu nezinsimbi zamathuluzi okusebenza ashisayo zishiswa kumazinga okushisa aphakeme.
Yini i-Annealing:
Ukukhipha i-vacuum
Ukwelashwa kokushisa kwe-Annealing kuyinqubo lapho izingxenye zishiselwa khona bese zipholiswa kancane kancane ukuze kutholwe isakhiwo esithambile sengxenye kanye nokuthuthukisa ukwakheka kwezinto ezinyathelweni ezilandelayo.
Lapho ukufakwa ngaphansi kwe-vacuum izinzuzo ezilandelayo zinikezwa uma kuqhathaniswa nokwelapha ngaphansi komkhathi:
Igwema i-intergranular oxidation (IGO) kanye ne-oxidation yangaphezulu igwema izindawo ezisuswe i-carburized metallic, izindawo ezingenalutho ezihlanzekile izingxenye ngemuva kokwelashwa kokushisa, akukho ukugezwa kwezingxenye okudingekayo.
Izinqubo ezidume kakhulu zokuhunyushwa yilezi:
Ukunciphisa ingcindezi kwenziwa emazingeni okushisa angaba ngu-650°C kuhloswe ukunciphisa ukucindezelwa kwangaphakathi kwezingxenye.Lokhu kucindezeleka okuyinsalela kubangelwa izinyathelo zezinqubo zangaphambili ezifana nokusakazwa kanye nokusebenza komshini oluhlaza.
Ukucindezeleka okuyinsalela kungaholela ekuhlanekeni okungafuneki phakathi nenqubo yokwelapha ukushisa ikakhulukazi ezingxenyeni ezinezindonga ezincane.Ngakho-ke kuyanconywa ukuthi uqede lezi zingcindezi ngaphambi komsebenzi “wangempela” wokwelapha ukushisa ngokwelapha okwehlisa ingcindezi.
Ukufakwa kabusha kwekristalu kuyadingeka ngemva kokusebenza kokwakheka okubandayo ukuze kubuyiselwe i-microstructure yokuqala.
Yini Isixazululo nokuguga
Ukuguga kuyinqubo esetshenziselwa ukwandisa amandla ngokukhiqiza ama-precipitates we-alloying material ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo sensimbi.Ukwelashwa kwesixazululo ukushisisa ingxubevange ezingeni lokushisa elifanele, ukuyibamba kulelozinga lokushisa isikhathi eside ngokwanele ukuze kubangele isakhi esisodwa noma ngaphezulu ukuthi singene esixazululweni esiqinile bese siyipholisa ngokushesha ngokwanele ukuze ibambe lezi zingxenye ekuxazululeni.Ukwelashwa kokushisa kwemvula okulandelayo kuvumela ukukhishwa okulawulwayo kwalezi zingxenye ngokwemvelo (kwizinga lokushisa legumbi) noma ngokuzenzela (emazingeni okushisa aphezulu).
Izithando zomlilo eziphakanyiselwe ukwelashwa kokushisa
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-01-2022