Yini Eqeda Umsindo:
Ukucima, okubizwa nangokuthi ukuqinisa, ukufudumeza nokupholisa insimbi ngesivinini esikhulu kangangokuthi kukhona ukwanda okukhulu kobulukhuni, kungaba ngaphezulu noma kuyo yonke indawo. Uma kwenzeka ukuqina kwe-vacuum, le nqubo yenziwa ezithandweni ze-vacuum lapho amazinga okushisa afinyelela ku-1,300°C angafinyelelwa khona. Izindlela zokucima zizohluka ngokuqondene nezinto eziphathwe kodwa ukucima igesi kusetshenziswa i-nitrogen kuvamile kakhulu.
Ezimweni eziningi ukuqina kwenzeka kanye nokushisa okulandelayo, ukufudumala. Kuye ngezinto zokwakha, ukuqina kuthuthukisa ubulukhuni kanye nokumelana nokuguguleka noma kulawula isilinganiso sokuqina nobunzima.
Yini Eyenza Uzizwe Ukhululekile:
Ukushisa kuyinqubo yokwelapha ukushisa esetshenziswa ezinsimbini ezifana nensimbi noma ama-alloy asekelwe ensimbi ukuze kufezwe ukuqina okukhulu ngokunciphisa ubulukhuni, okuvame ukuhambisana nokwanda kokuguquguquka. Ukushisa kuvame ukwenziwa ngemva kwenqubo yokuqina ngokushisa insimbi ibe ngaphansi kwephuzu elibalulekile isikhathi esithile, bese kuyivumela ukuthi iphole. Insimbi engashisisiwe inzima kakhulu kodwa ivame ukuba buthakathaka kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni okuningi. Insimbi yekhabhoni kanye nezinsimbi zamathuluzi okusebenza abandayo zivame ukushisiswa emazingeni okushisa aphansi, kuyilapho insimbi yesivinini esiphezulu kanye nezinsimbi zamathuluzi okusebenza ashisayo zishisiswa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu.
Kuyini i-Annealing:
Ukufakwa kwe-vacuum
Ukwelashwa kokushisa okuhlanganisiwe kuyinqubo lapho izingxenye zishiswa khona bese zipholiswa kancane ukuze kutholakale isakhiwo esithambile sengxenye futhi kulungiselelwe kahle isakhiwo sezinto ezisetshenziswayo ukuze kulandelwe izinyathelo ezilandelayo zokwakha.
Uma ufaka ngaphansi kwe-vacuum izinzuzo ezilandelayo zinikezwa uma kuqhathaniswa nokwelapha ngaphansi komkhathi:
Ukugwema ukushiswa kwezingxenye (i-IGO) kanye nokushiswa kwendawo, ukugwema izindawo ezikhishwe i-carburized, izindawo ezingenalutho, ukuhlanza izindawo zezingxenye ngemva kokwelashwa ngokushisa, akukho ukugezwa kwezingxenye okudingekayo.
Izinqubo ezithandwa kakhulu zokufaka i-anneal yilezi:
Ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwenziwa emazingeni okushisa angaba ngu-650°C kuhloswe ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi kwezingxenye. Lokhu kucindezeleka okusele kubangelwa izinyathelo zenqubo zangaphambilini ezifana nokusebenza kokukhipha kanye nomshini oluhlaza.
Ukucindezeleka okusele kungaholela ekuphazamisekeni okungafuneki ngesikhathi senqubo yokwelashwa kokushisa ikakhulukazi ezingxenyeni ezinezindonga ezincane. Ngakho-ke kunconywa ukususa lokhu kucindezeleka ngaphambi kokusebenza kokwelashwa kokushisa "kwangempela" ngokwelapha ukucindezeleka.
Ukufakwa kabusha kwe-crystallization kuyadingeka ngemuva kokusebenza kokwenza amakhaza ukuze kubuyiselwe isakhiwo sokuqala.
Iyini Isixazululo kanye nokuguga
Ukuguga kuyinqubo esetshenziselwa ukwandisa amandla ngokukhiqiza ukujiya kwezinto ezihlanganisiwe ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo sensimbi. Ukwelashwa ngesixazululo ukufudumeza i-alloy ibe yizinga lokushisa elifanele, ukuyigcina kulelo zinga lokushisa isikhathi eside ngokwanele ukubangela ukuthi ingxenye eyodwa noma ngaphezulu ingene esixazululweni esiqinile bese iphola ngokushesha ngokwanele ukuze ibambe lezi zinto esixazululweni. Ukwelashwa kokushisa kwemvula okulandelayo kuvumela ukukhululwa okulawulwayo kwalezi zinto ngokwemvelo (ekushiseni kwegumbi) noma ngokwenziwa (emazingeni okushisa aphezulu).
Izithando zomlilo eziphakanyisiwe zokwelapha ukushisa
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Juni-01-2022