Ukucima, okubizwa nangokuthi ukuqina kuyinqubo yokushisa bese kuba ukupholisa insimbi (noma enye i-alloy) ngesivinini esikhulu kangangokuthi kukhona ukwanda okukhulu kobulukhuni, kungaba ngaphezulu noma kuyo yonke indawo. Endabeni yokucima i-vacuum, le nqubo yenziwa ezithandweni ze-vacuum lapho amazinga okushisa afinyelela ku-1,300°C angafinyelelwa khona. Izindlela zokucima zizohluka maqondana nezinto eziphathwe kodwa ukucima igesi kusetshenziswa i-nitrogen kuvamile kakhulu.
Ukucima igesi nge-vacuum:
Ngesikhathi sokucima igesi ye-vacuum, izinto ziyashiswa lapho kungekho oxygen ngokushintshashintsha kwegesi (N₂) kanye/noma imisebe yokushisa ngaphansi kokucindezeleka. Insimbi iqiniswa ngomfudlana we-nitrogen, lapho izinga lokupholisa linganqunywa ngokukhetha ingcindezi eyengeziwe. Kuye ngesimo se-workpiece, kungenzeka futhi ukukhetha isiqondiso nesikhathi sokuvunguza kwe-nitrogen. Ukulungiswa kwesikhathi kanye nokulawulwa kokushisa kwensimbi kwenziwa ngesikhathi senqubo ngokusebenzisa ama-thermocouple e-pilot angafakwa ku-workpiece ekamelweni lokushisa. Insimbi ephathwa ngokushisa esithandweni se-vacuum ithola izakhiwo ezicacisiwe zamandla nobunzima kuyo yonke ingxenye, ngaphandle kokususwa kwe-carburization ebusweni. Izinhlamvu ze-Austenitic zilungile futhi ziyahambisana nezindinganiso zomhlaba wonke.
Cishe zonke izinhlobo zensimbi ezithandekayo ngobuchwepheshe, njengezinsimbi zasentwasahlobo, izinsimbi ezisebenza ngokubandayo, izinsimbi ezicinyiwe nezishisiwe, izinsimbi ezivikela ukungqubuzana, izinsimbi ezisebenza ngokushisayo kanye nezinsimbi zamathuluzi, kanye nenani elikhulu lezinsimbi ezingenasici ezine-alloy ephezulu kanye nezinsimbi zensimbi ezicitshiwe, zingaqiniswa ngale ndlela.
Ukucima uwoyela we-vacuum
Ukucima i-Vacuum Oil kupholisa izinto ezifudunyezwayo nge-Vacuum Oil. Njengoba ukudluliselwa kweshaja kwenzeka ngaphansi kokuvikelwa kwe-vacuum noma igesi engasebenzi kahle ngemva kokuhlanza isithando somlilo, ingxenye yendawo ivikelwe njalo kuze kube yilapho icwiliswa ngokuphelele emafutheni. Ukuvikelwa kwendawo kufana kakhulu kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kucinywa emafutheni noma egesini.
Inzuzo enkulu uma iqhathaniswa nezixazululo ezivamile zokucima uwoyela emoyeni ukulawula okunembile kwamapharamitha okupholisa. Ngesithando somoya esingenagesi, kungenzeka ukushintsha amapharamitha okucima ajwayelekile - izinga lokushisa kanye nokushukuma - kanye nokushintsha ingcindezi engaphezu kwethangi lokucima.
Ukushintsha ingcindezi engaphezulu kwethangi kuzodala umehluko ekucindezelweni ngaphakathi kwebhavu lamafutha, okushintsha ijika lokusebenza kahle kokupholisa uwoyela elichazwe ekucindezelweni komoya. Ngempela, indawo yokubilisa yisigaba lapho ijubane lokupholisa liphezulu kakhulu. Ushintsho ekucindezelweni uwoyela luzoshintsha ukuhwamuka kwawo ngenxa yokushisa komthwalo.
Ukwehla kwengcindezi kuzovuselela izenzakalo zokuhwamuka, okuqalisa isigaba sokubila. Lokhu kuzokwandisa ukusebenza kahle kokupholisa koketshezi lokucima futhi kuthuthukise amandla okuqina uma kuqhathaniswa nesimo somoya. Kodwa-ke, ukukhiqizwa okukhulu kwesitimu kungabangela isenzakalo se-sheath futhi kubangele ukuguquka okungenzeka.
Ukwanda kwengcindezi ku-oyela kuvimbela ukwakheka komhwamuko futhi kubambezele ukuhwamuka. I-sheath inamathela engxenyeni bese iphola ngokulinganayo kodwa kancane kakhulu. Ngakho-ke ukucima uwoyela ku-vacuum kuyafana kakhulu futhi kubangela ukuphambuka okuncane.
Ukucima amanzi nge-vacuum
Inqubo efana nokucima uwoyela we-vacuum, iyisisombululo esifanele sokuqinisa ukwelashwa kokushisa kwe-aluminium, i-titanium noma ezinye izinto ezidinga ukuphola ngesivinini esanele.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-07-2022